Carl Jungs Contribution to Psychoanalytic Theory. "An Archetype Criticism of Othello, a Play by William Shakespeare." Kibin, 2023. http://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-archetype-criticism-of-othello-a-play-by-william-shakespeare-yJF4zltX. Many fell prey to Jungs idiosyncrasies as a reader, ranging widely and naively over genres, periods, and languages in search of the universal archetypes, while sweeping aside cultureand text-specific problems, ignoring their own role in the act of reading and basing critical evaluation solely on a texts contribution to the advancement of the readers individuation process, a kind of literature-astherapy standard. "In Sidney's view, tragedy provokes "the affects of admiration and commiseration" and so demonstrates "the uncertainty of this world". No more of that. This explains his fascination with a text like Rider Haggards novel She: The History of an Adventure (1886-87), with its unmediated representation of the anima. As Jung himself noted: Literary products of highly dubious merit are often of the greatest interest to the psychologist (Collected 15:87-88). The character of Iago is so conducted, that he is from the first scene to the last hated and despised. Iago will direct the remainder of the play, constructing Othellos down-fall out of the flimsiest evidence and playing on the strengths and weaknesses of Othellos nature and the doubts that erode Othellos faith in Desdemona. He is an individual of high stature who is destroyed by his surroundings, his own actions, and his fate. Home Archetypal Criticism Archetypal Criticism, By NASRULLAH MAMBROL on October 22, 2020 ( 0 ). while we are reading any of [Shakespeare's] great criminal characters - we think not so much of the crimes which they commit, as of the ambition, the aspiring spirit, the intellectual activity which prompts them to . Farewell / Commend me to my kind lord. "Now will I question assio of ianca, As he shall smile, Othello shall go mad; . Considered according to this definition, the concept becomes a useful tool for literary analysis that explores the synthesis of the universal and the particular, seeks to define the parameters of social construction of gender, and attempts to construct theories of language, of the imaginal, and of meaning that take gender into account. Othello Archetypal Tragic Hero Analysis - 1236 Words | Bartleby First Cassio lands to deliver the news of Othellos marriage and, like the best man, supplies glowing praise for the groom and his bride; next Desdemona, accompanied by Iago and his wife, Emilia, enters but must await news of the fate of Othellos ship. norwegian cruise line dining menus archetypal criticism in othello. 125-126). This scene has suggested to some critics that Iagos true motivation for destroying the marriage of Desdemona and Othello is a repressed homosexual love for Othello. The patterns are the major intrinsic aspects of a work. Frye, however, notably in Anatomy of Criticism, essentially redefined and relocated archetype on grounds that would remove him unequivocally from the ranks of Jungian critics by severing the connection between archetype and depth psychology: This emphasis on impersonal content has been developed by Jung and his school, where the communicability of archetypes is accounted for by a theory of a collective unconsciousan unnecessary hypothesis in literary criticism, so far as I can judge (m-12). And concomitantly, on which of these levels was the reader affected? Child and Youth Care and Disability CYC 3000 Assignment: Getting to Know Disability Justice A deep dive into activists introduced by L. Lakshmi Piepzna-Samarasinha Due Week 2, Friday at 11:59p It is important that you begin to learn about the various people and organizations that are leading the conversation on disability justice. Desdemona and Othello, therefore, face the usual challenges of the lovers in a Shakespearean comedy who must contend with the forces of authority, custom, and circumstances allied against their union. This causes him to lose his ability to make good judgments and decisions. I took by th throat the circumcisd dog, Historical is basically know the background story before you making assumptions off the text, and to better understand text lookup time period close to the time like 1600's . Northrop frye archetypal criticism - WikiEducator This is not a satisfactory frame of mind for an investigator, and it is certainly not an . The direction of Othello criticism will also be affected as literary criticism's longstanding commitment to cultural historicism comes under pressure from those who argue that explorations of context often come at the expense of literature's formal properties and affective registers, and as developments in the digital humanities enable fresh He notes that Singers Unholy Bible: A Psychological Interpretation of William Blake (1970), though oversimplified in its psychobiographical approach and its treatment of characters as psychological projections of the author, does make original use in a literary context of such Jungian techniques of dream interpretation as amplification and of such fantasy-evoking procedures as active imagination.. I do perceive here a divided duty: archetypal criticism in othello america undercover life of crime Juni 12, 2022. used kawai upright piano . 1924) to move beyond clinical inquiry within the consulting room of psychotherapy to formulate archetypal theory as a multidisciplinary field (Archetypal 1). Written in 2001, this piece of British metafiction tells a brilliant story of love, war, mistakes, forgiveness, and, of course, atonement. A tragic hero is a hero nonetheless, but it all comes down to how they hold themselves together in the face of. Van Meurs also does a service by resurrecting successful but neglected early studies, such as Elizabeth Drews of T. S. Eliot (1949), and discovering value even in reductionist and impressionistic studies, such as June Singers of Blake. Commend me to my kind lord. And so much duty as my mother showd To you, preferring you before her father, However, in William Shakespeare's Othello, Emilia's character portrays three completely different archetypes and they all come through in strategical places. archetypal criticism in othello At mid-century, Canadian critic Northrop Frye (1912-91) introduced new distinctions in literary criticism between myth and archetype. Altho a tragic ending it may be, Othello couldn't stand being a such a fool to have believed such lies about his one and only love. Archetypes In Othello - 816 Words | Studymode Othello: Themes | SparkNotes Olympus-high, and duck again as low Archetypal theory and criticism, although often used synonymously with Myth theory and crticism, has a distinct history and process. As Hillman puts it, Corbins insight that Jungs mundus archetypalis is also the mundus imaginalis that corresponds to the Islamic alam al-mithl (3) was an early move toward a reappraisal of psychology itself as an activity of poesis (24). And it is thought abroad that twixt my sheets Hes done my office. Thus, with the archetypal theorists multiplying across disciplines on the one hand and the clinically practicing followers serving as (generally inadequate) critics on the other, archetypal literary theory and criticism flourished in two independent streams in the 1960s and 1970s. James Baird, Jungian Psychology in Criticism: Theoretical Problems, Literary Criticism and Psychology (ed. The major work of Frye's to deal with archetypes is Anatomy of Criticism but his essay The Archetypes of Literature is a precursor to the book. Come, go with me apart. Character Analysis of Shakespeare's Othello - ThoughtCo This book established the priority of interest in the archetypal over the mythological. Othello is a Moorish (African) general in the Venetian army and an eloquent storyteller who is respected, but often treated as an outsider. But Wheelwright, for example, barely mentions Jung (The Burning Fountain, 1954), and he, Fergusson, and others often owe more to Sigmund Freud, Ernest Jones, Oedipus Rex, and the Oedipus complex than to anything taken from Jung. Free Essay On The Villain Archetype As Portrayed Through Othello And Literary Critics on Othello. The first systematic application of Jungs ideas to literature was made in 1934 by Maud Bodkin in Archetypal Patterns in Poetry: An attempt is here made to bring psychological analysis and reflection to bear upon the imaginative experience communicated by great poetry, and to examine those forms or patterns in which the universal forces of our nature there find objectification (vii). Jung and the Humanities: Toward a Hermeneutics of Culture. . He offers throughout the play multiple justifi cations for his intrigue: He has been passed over in favor of Cassio; he suspects the Moor and Cassio with his wife, Emilia; he is envious of Cassios open nature; and he is desirous of Desdemona himself. These archetypalists, focusing on the imaginaland making central the concept that in English they call soul, assert their kinship with Semiotics and Structuralism but maintain an insistent focus on psychoid phenomena, which they characterize as meaningful. Because of that, it has generated a lot of literary criticism in the 400 years since it was written and first . : In this quote, Othello is stating that his wife's supposed infidelity has ruined his name and turned it "black" and dirty like his own face, showing that a woman's fidelity was linked to a man's honor. Finally, Othello arrives giving him the opportunity to renew his marriage vows to Desdemona: It gives me wonder great as my content Shakespeare on the other hand has portrayed women as both object and subject. Looking at William Shakespeare's Othello The Moor Of Venice, the central character, Othello is revered as the tragic hero. Archetypal Analysis | R-bloggers archetypal criticism in othelloboone county wv obituaries. The tragic heros downfall, said Aristotle, was brought upon by some error of judgement. Iago replies: Demand me nothing; what you know, you know: / From this time forth I never will speak word. By Iagos exiting the stage, closing access to his motives, the focus remains firmly on Othello, not as Iagos victim, but as his own. As in a typical Shakespearean comedy, love, tested, triumphs over all opposition. Archetypal Myth Criticism Paper - 337 Words - Internet Public Library Archetypal Criticism - GetSetNotes The tragic protagonist must make a fall from a high state of being to a low state or death. However, these fields of study contributed a lot to the development of archetypal criticism through the characters of Sir James Frazer and Carl Jung. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994. Literary Theory from 1900 to 1966: A-Z A Alexander Chirila First published: 24 December 2010 https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444337839.wbelctv1a009 Read the full text PDF Tools Share Abstract Archetypal criticism is a form of analysis based on the identification and study of recurring symbolic and mythic patterns. Learn what works (and what doesn't) from the reader's perspective. edmonton oilers jokes archetypal criticism in othello archetypal criticism in othello. Othello assumes that Emilia is helping Desdemona in her infidelity. While acknowledging the grave weaknesses of much Jungian writing on literature as unsubtle and rigid application of preconceived psychological notions and schemes resulting in particularly ill-judged or distorted readings, van Meurs still finds that sensitively, flexibly and cautiously used, Jungian psychological theory may stimulate illuminating literary interpretations (14-15). Othello is decisive, confident, and secure in his identity, duty, and place in the world. How to respect you; you are the lord of duty; Historical-Cultural Criticism In William Shakespeare's Othello They also attest to his self-confessed lack of interest in literature: I feel not naturally drawn to what one calls literature, but I am strangely attracted by genuine fiction, i.e., fantastical invention (Letters 1:509). When Othello cant dismiss his suspicions of his wife being unfaithful any longer he starts to lose his morality . Further, myth critics, aligned with writers in comparative anthropology and philosophy, are said to include Frazer, Jessie Weston, Leslie Fiedler, Ernst Cassirer, Claude Lvi-Strauss, Richard Chase, Joseph Campbell, Philip Wheelwright, and Francis Fergusson. The next significant development in archetypal theory that affected literary studies grew out of the effort made by U.S.-born, Zurich-trained analyst James Hillman (b. The fulfillment of the wedding night that should come at the climax of the comedy is relocated to act 2, with the aftermath of the courtship and the wedding now taking center stage. Othello accused her of being unfaithful, when she never was. He ends up killing her out of jealousy; when she does not deserve it. The term archetype can be traced to Plato (arche, original; typos, form), but the concept gained currency in twentieth-century literary theory and criticism through the work of the Swiss founder of analytical psychology, C. G. Jung (1875-1961). PPT - Archetypal Criticism PowerPoint Presentation, free download - ID In. Othello was crafted at the dawn of the 17th century, shaped by complex social and geopolitical issues that new historicist critics, who seek to place literary works within a historical framework, have recently sought to unravel. The tragic hero archetype is used in many different pieces of writing and with every character comes a different way of using it. Emilia comes into the couples bedroom after Othello smothers Desdemona, but hears Desdemona cry out. To date, the British Journal of Analytical Psychology and the retitled American Spring: A Journal of Archetype and Culture are the best resources for archetypal criticism of literature and the arts even though only a small percentage of their published articles treat such topics. Is Othello or Hamlet better? Othello sends Emilia outside to guard the door. An Archetype Criticism of Othello, a Play by William Shakespeare The romantic climax comes in the trial scene of act 1, in which Othello success-fully defends himself before the Venetian senate against Brabantios charge that Othello has beguiled his daughter, stoln from me, and corrupted / By spells and medicines bought of mountebanks. Calmly and courteously Othello recounts how, despite the differences of age, race, and background, he won Desdemonas heart by recounting the stories of his exotic life and adventures: She loved me for the dangers I had passed, / And I loved her that she did pity them. Wonder at Othellos heroic adventures and compassion for her sympathy have brought the two opposites togetherthe young, inexperienced Venetian woman and the brave, experienced outsider. . QAFQAZ UNIVERSITY SPRING, 2013. O my souls joy, Within these three days let me hear thee say Van Meurss bibliography conveys the great variety of Jungian writings on literature even within one language, the increasingly recognized potential for further development and use of Jungs ideas, and the growth in numbers of literary scholars falling under the influence of Jung. That's a matter of opinion. 2. Othello: Character List | SparkNotes Then must you speak The Critical Analysis Of A Novel: Atonement By Ian Mcewan Atonement by Ian McEwan is a literary masterpiece and a highly critically acclaimed novel. Comparing the amount written about the two plays, people find Hamlet more interesting to discuss. However, as the play progresses, jealousy clamps down his mind, and his decisions are colored with jealousy that Desdemona is betraying him, leading him to kill her and take his own life. 1. Of all Shakespeares tragedies . Desdemona replies that it was her fault: Nobody I myself. Citations And smote himthus. However, the protagonist of the tragedy play only partially meets the definition of Aristotles tragic hero. The present essay, "Archetypes of Literature," is taken from the book. The Moor is eventually captured, tortured, and slain by Disdemonas relatives, while the ensign dies during torture for another crime. Act 3, one of the wonders of the stage, anatomizes Othellos psychic descent from perfect contentment in his new wife to complete loathing, from a worldview in which everything is as it appears to one in which nothing is as it seems. Joseph P. Strelka, 1976); Karin Barnaby and Pellegrino DAcerino, eds., C. G. Jung and the Humanities: Toward a Hermeneutics of Culture (1990); Martin Bickman, The Unsounded Centre: Jungian Studies in American Romanticism (1980); Maud Bodkin, Archetypal Patterns in Poetry: Psychological Studies in Imagination (1934); Northrop Frye, Anatomy of Criticism: Four Essays (1957); Albert Gelpi, The Tenth Muse: The Psyche of the American Poet (1975); Naomi Goldenberg, Archetypal Theory after Jung, Spring (1975); Julia Kristeva, Stabat Mater (1977, The Kristeva Reader, ed. http://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-archetype-criticism-of-othello-a-play-by-william-shakespeare-yJF4zltX, ("An Archetype Criticism of Othello, a Play by William Shakespeare. James Hillman, Archetypal Psychology: A Brief Account (1983), Re-Visioning Psychology (1975); C. G. Jung, Collected Works (ed. What hooks you? 1. An example, is that they had to overcome a huge obstacle such as love because Othello and Desdemona were in love but her father did not approve of it. OTHELLO: Iago critics. Further, the text offered confirmation (and poetic representation) of the only direct contribution Jung made to literary theory: a distinction between psychological and visionary texts (Collected 15:89-90). Using an archetypal literary criticism, Harry Potter can be analyzed by focusing on different archetypes, such as, symbols, images, and character types in the text. On a general level, Jungs and Fryes theorizings about archetypes, however labeled, overlap, and boundaries are elusive, but in the disciplines of literature the two schools have largely ignored each others work. Othello, though, decides to kill her. The Women of Othello There are only three female characters in Othello, and each plays a critical role in Shakespeare's artfully crafted plot of jealousy and retribution. The moment he showed violence towards Desdemona, the audience lost interest in comforting Othello. Where a malignant and a turband Turk Of one that loved not wisely but too well, In-text citation: Archetypes Archetypal criticism focuses on patterns in a literary work that commonly occur in other literary works. Farewell! (V.2.316, 323) It is beyond a doubt Othello's fault that all of this wreckage befalls him, and his still has not had a moment of recognition of his failures at reasoning and understanding. Shakespeare derived his plot from Giraldi Cinthios Tale of the Moor, in the story collection Hecatommithi (1565), reshaping Cinthios sensational tale of jealousy, intrigue, and murder in several key ways. His destruction is essentially precipitated by his own actions, as well as by the actions of the characters surrounding him. Mythological critics compare one work to others with similar story . I will withdraw The play imitates life through basic human emotions such as jealousy and rage. Abstract. He suffers barbs and preconceived notions, yet Othello is esteemed and wins the love of the daughter of a nobleman. An archetypal critic would suggest that all human experience is linked through literature and that this experience is expressed again and again using the same patterns throughout time and space. Examples Of Archetype In Othello - 477 Words | Bartleby Texts and Contexts: Writing About Literature with Critical Theory. Placing responsibility in the stars - he calls Desdemona an "ill-starred wench" - is hardly a gallant course of action. In Re-Visioning Psychology, the published text of his 1972 Yale Terry Lectures (the same lecture series Jung gave in 1937), Hillman locates the archetypal neither in the physiology of the brain, the structure of language, the organization of society, nor the analysis of behavior, but in the processes of imagination (xi). In his major work, The Anatomy of Criticism, he states: 'I mean by an archetype a symbol which connects one poem with another and thereby helps to unify and integrate our . Cultural criticism is exploring or examining the relationship of dominant role based on ethnicity, and sexual identity of person, also a great understanding of yourself. 1: 4), but he distinguishes his concept and use of the term from that of philosophical idealism as being more empirical and less metaphysical, though most of his empirical data were dreams. Having triumphantly bested the social and natural forces aligned against them, having staked all to the devotion of the other, Desdemona and Othello will not be left to live happily ever after, and the tragedy will grow out of the conditions that made the comedy. Archetypal Criticism - A Companion to Literary Theory - Wiley Online Archetypal Criticism Volume I. Carl Jung & Archetypal Criticism - SlideServe What is archetypal criticism. Archetypal criticism. 2022-11-13 After the. She stayed loyal to her lover throughout the entire play and in the end it did her no good. Instead, they blame him for his own ultimate ruin. Wow! (And nope, we don't source our examples from our editing service! OTHELLO: My name, that was as fresh. For Cassirer, reason alone cannot lead to truth, but mythical thinking which focuses on immediate experience is essential. The contrast is most pronounced from the beginning of the play to its conclusion, switching from being calm and peaceful to acts of uncontrolled venomous rage. If Hamlet is a tragedy about youth, and Lear concerns old age, Othello is a family or domestic tragedy of a middle-aged man in which the fate of kingdoms and the cosmos that hangs in the balance in Hamlet and Lear contracts to the private world of a marriages destruction.