The Spanish won out because of their preparation, and because they brought so many diseases with them, it killed some of the Aztecs as well. Which of these arguments are valid ? It is also important to look at because of the immense cultural impact it had. Monumental sculptures were mainly favorite. The Inca had no system of writing, however. Gender roles were not as fixed as they were in the patriarchal societies of Europe, Mesoamerica, and South America. Direct link to #I'mBatman's post The lack of Gold and the , Posted 2 years ago. Cahokia was the hub of political and trading activities along the Mississippi River. The Eastern Woodland peoples were thriving, but they were soon overwhelmed as the number of English, French, and Dutch settlers increased. These are popular choices in the market; let us discuss some of the major differences: Maya vs Aztec vs Inca are like each other in many of the ways, like they all build pyramids; Maya, Aztec, and Inca were all polytheistic, practiced human sacrifice, but still, they are three different cultures that rose and fell at different times for different reasons. This appearance is very similar to, But to the astonishment of the Spaniards, no force is needed. Encouraged by the wealth found by the Spanish in the settled civilizations to the south, fifteenth- and sixteenth-century English, Dutch, and French explorers expected to discover the same in North America. Image credit: By 1600, Spain had reaped substantial monetary benefits from New World resources. El Castillo, located at Chichen Itza in the eastern Yucatn peninsula, served as a temple for the god Kukulkan. Ten years before the arrival of the Spanish, Moctezuma received several omens which at the time he could not interpret. Flourishing from roughly 2000 BCE to 900 CE in what is now Mexico, Belize, Honduras, and Guatemala, the Maya perfected the calendar and written language the Olmec had begun. This matriarchy changed dramatically with the coming of the Europeans, who introduced, sometimes forcibly, their own customs and traditions to the natives. In Broken spears, the author explains how many factors other than Spanish power contributed to the downfall of the Aztecs. Spain gained immense wealth from this expansionism, which translated into an influx of Spanish art and cultural capital. There were tribal hunting grounds, usually identified by some geographical landmark, but there was no private ownership of land. Roads extending some 180 miles connected the Pueblos smaller urban centers to each other and to Chaco Canyon, which by 1050 CE had become the administrative, religious, and cultural center of their civilization. When the Spanish saw the resources that the Aztecs had, they quickly started taking advantage of the Aztecs weaknesses. The thing that ties them both together is the Conquistador Hernan Cortes. They caught some of the Spanish, killed some of them, even ate some. The Aztecs built a great capital in Tenochtitlan . Compare and contrast Maya, Aztec, and Inca culture In history we the people have found to realize that the Maya, Aztec, and Inca culture was one of the most incredible findings of their accomplishments. In times of dire emergency, however, such as in the aftermath of earthquakes, volcanoes, or crop failure, they resorted to sacrificing prisoners. Tenochtitlan was built on an island in a Mexican lake called Lake Texcoco. The Inca ruler required a third, and a third was set aside in a kind of welfare system for those unable to work. Why can't they treat the native people with respect? Thus, depending on what part of the New World they explored, the Europeans encountered peoples that diverged widely in their cultures, traditions, and numbers. Ap World Compare and Contrast Essay. In the same square there are some people who constantly go around watching sells and the measures used for sales these people have been known to go around and stop unfair deals or break the measures completely., The first phase of the Spanish invasion of Mexico took place in April 1519. Spanish colonization after Columbus accelerated the rivalry between Spain and Portugal to an unprecedented level. Thanks so much for this! The Pueblos were city-states also, but typically each had about ten thousand people. They communicated and kept records using a system of colored strings and knots called the quipu. Comparing European and Native American cultures - Khan Academy In return, the lord provided laws, protection, and relief in times of famine. Much like feudal lords in Europe at the time, the ruling class lived off the labor of the peasants, collecting vast wealth that accompanied them as they went, mummified, into the next life. In general, the French interactions with the Illinois and other indigenous peoples of the Mississippi River Valley were much more mild and less violent than the Spanish conquests of the Pueblos, Aztecs, and Incas. Direct link to David Alexander's post Leaving native people alo, Posted 3 years ago. So the Olmecs were the first major Mesoamerican culture, despite being younger than the Mayans. In short, the Maya came first, and settled in modern-day Mexico. Though the area had no overarching political structure, trade over long distances helped diffuse culture. The Mogollon thrived in the Mimbres Valley (New Mexico) from about 150 BCE to 1450 CE. By the time the Spanish first encountered the Pueblo peoples in the 1500s, . The Spanish found little organized resistance among the weakened Maya upon their arrival in the 1520s. Lesson summary: Native American societies before contact - Khan Academy The Spanish also conquered the Pueblo Indians by the end of the sixteenth century. They each became strong and successful because of the different ways of adapting to the region they lived in and the many achievements that they made in their civilization which influence us today., I think the Aztecs were more impressive, in one of the captions I read that one of their squares was twice as large as the city of Salamanca surrounded by porticoes daily sixty thousand people are buying and selling all kinds of merchandise that the world has to offer embracing the necessaries things of life. Nowhere in the Americas was this more obvious than in Mesoamerica. Direct link to David Alexander's post The Spanish moved into th, Posted a month ago. The differences between the Pueblo People of the Southwest, the Tribes of the Mississippi Valley, and the Incas, Mayans and Aztecs on the eve of contact were quite drastic, for a number of reasons. Still, like Corts, Coronado and the Spanish colonists could be harsh to the Pueblo Indians, and it was common for them to spread smallpox, both intentionally and unintentionally, between Pueblo villages. Maya builds towering temples and elaborate palaces, Aztec build their capital city Tenochtitlan on an island, while Inca constructed stone temples without using mortars, yet the stone fit together so well that a knife would not fit between the stones. The Incas were the largest state in the Americas, with a population of over twenty million. The Anasazi learned how to use water for irrigation to water their crops. The Inca didnt develop a writing system; their records were kept on bundles of knotted cords called quipus. Archaeologists have discovered evidence that the Maya lived in Belize in around 2600 BCE, and its generally accepted that settlements existed around 1800 BCE. Direct link to Michael Fulcher's post How did spain handle all , Posted 3 years ago. Like the Europeans, the Aztecs were a patriarchal society, kept children in line, and considered marriage extremely important., While the ancient civilizations of the Mayan, Aztec, and Incan Empires were all very different and unique in their own ways. So did the Caste System decide who got certain rights and places of power or was it merely a way of categorizing the people? Key differences between Maya vs Aztec vs Inca. Aztec belief centered on supplying the gods with human bloodthe ultimate sacrificeto keep them strong and well. But both took responsibility for raising children, and most major Indian societies in the east were matriarchal. There are many major Maya sites, including Altun Ha, Cancuen, Coba, Copan, Caracol, El Mirador, Naranjo, Tikal and Yaxha. The most important collection of these poems is Romances de los senores de la Nueva Espana. and lasted about 1,000 years, occupying a reasonably large amount of land. By signing up, you agree to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Below is the top 5 difference between Maya vs Aztec vs Inca. The Spaniard murdered Montezuma in cold blood in order to complete their conquest of his empire. Also the Aztec and Inca accomplishments consist of roads, trade systems, Quipus, and much more. Following the Spanish arrival in Mexico, a huge battle erupted between the army of Cortes and the Aztec people under the rule of Montezuma. The Spaniards also had guns, swords, cannons, and metal shields to protect their bodies . Spanish explorers with hopes of conquest in the New World were known as conquistadores. While the Spanish were ready to kill. Also social structure of both societies varied in which Mali had extended families and clans serve as the main foundation of their social structure while Aztec society was mainly a hierarchy with military elite as their main source of authority. In addition, Hernan Cortess exploration of the Aztec territory led to an exchange of disease that helped lead to Cortess success. Corts, for example, is notoriously known for collecting all of the Aztec priests and having them fed to rabid dogs, while Pizarro famously murdered the wife of Emperor Manco Inca, who was serving as a puppet governor for the Spanish empire at the time. In 1325, they began construction of Tenochtitln on an island in Lake Texcoco. -The Pueblos were a smaller, less advanced civilization located in the southwestern part. ("Compare and Contrast the Spaniards' Attitudes toward the Native Essay", n.d.) . Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. For a while there, Exercise 8-9 Which of the following arguments is valid? Although they were around first, the Maya only really rose to greatness in those later years after adopting much of their culture from the younger Olmec civilization. The last major theme was the effect of the political divisions and rivalries within Montezuma's Central American Kingdom. The empire was formed by and under the command of Marshal Jean-Bdel Bokassa, military dictator and president of the Central African Republic, on 4 December 1976. While there are many other events to choose from, this one stands out since it was one over one of the largest empires in Central America. Compare and Contrast Maya, Aztec, and Inca Culture Essay Compare And Contrast Aztec And Aztecs - 702 Words | Bartleby There was large scale reconstruction between 250 and 900 CE, known as the Classic period, when the Maya built many independent city states, built temples and palaces, developed a hieroglyphic writing system, and developed long distance trade with other Mesoamerican cultures. In this illustration, an Aztec priest cuts out the beating heart of a sacrificial victim before throwing the body down from the temple. The following is an excerpt from the sixteenth-century Florentine Codex of the writings of Fray Bernardino de Sahagun, a priest and early chronicler of Aztec history. *Please provide your correct email id. Society was divided between pipiltin (nobles) and macehualli (commoners), and was led by an Emperor. The Maya built huge arrays of structures and have left a considerable architectural heritage. They built most of their great cities between A.D. 250 and A.D. 900. The Aztecs, on the other hand, did not know Cortes. 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All these figures have flat noses, slightly crossed eyes, and large lips. A few societies had evolved into relatively complex forms, but they were already in decline at the time of Christopher Columbuss arrival. A major part of their life was religion. As Inga Clendinnen states; "How was it that a motley bunch of Spanish adventurers, never numbering much more than four hundred or so, was able to defeat an Amerindian military power on its home ground in the space of two years? Not only did they beat the Aztecs in battle, the diseases syphilis and smallpox helped them by killing off half of the Aztecs. The Olmec built aqueducts to transport water into their cities and irrigate their fields. The Habsburg dynastywho ruled over the territories of Austria, the Netherlands, Naples, Sicily, and Spainencouraged and financed a blossoming Spanish Renaissance culture, both, One of this periods most famous works is the novel. With these people and the Spanish's knowledge expansions, they overthrew the Aztec Empire. The traditions of the Mayan and Aztec religion and art are very similar but have their differences. One of them is the incredible advantage that the Spaniards technology gave them over the Aztecs. I visited Chichen Itza yesterday and got confused between the 2 civilizations, so this really helped clear things up. One of the largest population centers in pre-Columbian America and home to more than 100,000 people at its height in about 500 CE, Teotihuacan was located about thirty miles northeast of modern Mexico City. On the way, Cortes met resistance from other locals, who he eventually conquered and absolved into his army as allies. Francisco Coronado had hoped to find treasure equivalent to the riches discovered by Corts and Pizarro in Latin America but was disappointed to find that the Pueblos had more modest resources at their disposal. But in 1493, Spanish-born Pope Alexander VI issued two papal decrees giving legitimacy to Spains Atlantic claims over the claims of Portugal. These city-states ruled the area in and around the Valley of Mexico. They treated the Spanish with riches and lavish food, as they would a God. These groups subsisted on a wider variety of foods that grew in their regions. Although no one knows what happened to the Olmec after about 400 BCE, in part because the jungle reclaimed many of their cities, their culture was the base upon which the Maya and the Aztec built. They were good farmers, artists, mathematicians, and astronomers. Their government was a whole lot different from any other of the civilizations. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. The two biggest and most successful were the Incans and the Aztecs. Ordo Ab Chao (Quizzaciously Sesquipedalianized Eleemosynary), The Aztecs witnessed the smallpox epidemic's destruction personally, and this was described in the Florentine Codex. Finally, the Spanish conquistadors led by Hernan Cortes conquered Tenochtitlan and overpower the Aztec in 1521. The Maya southern lowlands went into decline in the 8th and 9th centuries and were abandoned. First, the geographic regions in which these groups lived varied greatly. The Spanish had a full advantage in technology, since they were the side that were fighting to kill they had the equipment to do so. Aztec civilization was built around corn cultivation. The monarchy took most of it, and the rest was spread across lords and ladies. This led to a severe population decline, and Pueblo Indians died en mass. In 1996, Guatemala formally recognized 21 Mayan languages by name and Mexico recognizes 8 more. Inca was polytheistic. Such as, the Mayans with their agriculture system of chinampas and there monumental temple/pyramids, the Aztecs with their trading in the city of Tenochtitlan, and the Incas with their road and bridge system connecting the whole empire., MesoAmerica had great civilizations that had marvelous accomplishments before the arrival of the Europeans. The riches and complexity Corts found when he arrived at that city, known as Tenochtitln, were far beyond anything he or his men had ever seen. Much like the Europeans, Aztecs built temples (doc 4), a men's house and a city square (doc 6), and a large market place (doc 8). They developed a mathematical system, built huge edifices, and devised a calendar that accurately predicted eclipses and solstices and that priest-astronomers used to direct the planting and harvesting of crops. Consider the Aztecs, Incas, Pueblo, the Iroquois league of tribes, Cahokia, and others. When Hernan Cortes came to the land of the heart of the Aztecs, he had brought unknown weapons and diseases to the Aztecs, as well as an army of men. What common goals did American Indians, gay and lesbian citizens, and women share in their quests for equal rights? Further south in Peru, the Inca linked one of the largest empires in history through the use of roads and disciplined armies. The Maya is a Mesoamerican civilization, noted for the only known fully developed written language of the pre-Columbian Americas, and for its. Compare and contrast the major native American Indian civilizations/cultures. They lasted the longest of all and are often viewed as the greatest Mesoamerican civilization. Who had? Map of the land division determined by the Treaty of Tordesillas. - The Aztecs were a massive , complex society located in central Mexico . By 1519, when Corts arrived, this settlement contained upwards of 200,000 inhabitants and was certainly the largest city in the Western Hemisphere at that time and probably larger than any European city. The Inca, like all other pre-Columbian societies, did not use axle-mounted wheels for transportation. According to _____ theory, people are constantly changing and evolving, and an individual's characteristics and social experiences influence his or her behavior. Still, these tribes shared some common traits. Rather than gold and silver, there was an abundance of land, and the timber and fur that land could produce. What are the advantages and disadvantages of freedom? These physical features can be seen today in some of the peoples indigenous to the area. All in all, the French interactions with the peoples of the Mississippi Valley were much more mild and cooperative compared to the Spanish conquests. What impact did Europeans have on their New World environmentsmeaning native peoples and their communities as well as ecological elements such as What are some similarities and differences between the United Farm Workers and the American Indian Movement. The Aztec system of counting was based on units of twenty. It was the largest empire that developed and extended approximately 2500 miles from north to south and included around 16 million people. Maya also used a three-symbol numerical system that allowed them to record numbers into millions. Words like chili, avocado, chocolate, coyote, guacamole, ocelot and mescal are derived from the Nahuatl language. Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Running head: SOME AZTEC AND PUEBLO PARALLES, Cultural anthropologists often conduct numerous studies to compare and acknowledge, how certain cultures are related to others. The similarities between all these Native nations are that, except for the Incas, they were all radically democratic, especially compared to European societies with absolute monarchs. Mayas had city-states, not an empire. They also practiced irrigation. The largest mound covered fifteen acres. Perhaps the largest indigenous cultural and population center in North America was located along the Mississippi River near present-day St. Louis. The Aztec empire was what the ambitious Cortes had been looking for since his departure from Spain; he most certainly hoped that his wish to discover the empire would come true. i think those dresses look horrid on toughs poor little girls. The estimated total of their population was around 10 - 20 million people , and they controlled most of central Mexico . Runners called chasquis traversed the roads in a continuous relay system, ensuring quick communication over long distances. By the end of this section, you will be able to: (credit: modification of work by Architect of the Capitol). This has been a guide to the top difference between Maya vs Aztec vs Inca. Is there any instances where the Spaniards conquered places to spread religious belief?? This map shows the extent of the major civilizations of the Western Hemisphere. From the coast they received shells; from Canada, copper; and from the Rocky Mountains, obsidian. The empire fell in 1533. Mississippian culture also had extensive trade routes, as goods from all over North America are found within the burial mounds. In Some Aztec and Pueblo Parallels (1933) cultural anthropology demonstrates the, main topic, cultural similarities, using various examples of two different, but closely tied, The author, Elsie Clews Parsons, points out to us that the Aztec and Pueblo people. Flourishing along the hot Gulf Coast of Mexico from about 1200 to about 400 BCE, the Olmec produced a number of major works of art, architecture, pottery, and sculpture. This had great impact on the civilization. With the assistance of Tlaxcalan collaborators, Corts surrounded Tenochtitlan and eventually wore down its defenses through naval engagements and causing epidemics of smallpox. Theyd beat them with their wooden weapons or throw spears at them to injure them. Compare And Contrast The Spanish Conquest Of The Aztecs One major Mayan city was Chichen Itza, 1000 to 1450 CE. The three main groups of the Pueblo people were the Mogollon, Hohokam, and Anasazi. However, they never invented a system of writing, instead using knotted ropes for record-keeping. A classic period city called Tikal was reconstructed by Maya, which was spread over 20 sq. According to one record, 84,400 prisoners were sacrificed in four days for the reconsecration of the Great Period of Tenochtitlan in 1487. However, they did find Mayan history, in the form of glyphs, or pictures representing words, recorded in folding books called codices (the singular is codex). Both empires shared a similarity in economy but a different society. From the beginning Cortes made moves to openly try to undermined Monctezuma. According to legend, the god Quetzalcoatl, characterized by light skin, red hair, and light eyes, was supposed to return to earth. Already a member? Europeans and Native Americans looked, dressed, and thought differently in fundamental ways that lead to misunderstandings and even . Direct link to trell2267's post Why didn't the spanish ju, Posted 2 years ago. The Aztecs worshipped Huitzilopochtli, the personification of the sun and war, and practiced human sacrifice. These pueblos may be viewed today in Canyon de Chelly National Monument (above) in Arizona and Mesa Verde National Park in Colorado. Where getting that wealth required human labor, they enslaved the local people. Land, and the game that populated it, they believed, were there for the taking. The Valley of Mexico, a big high-elevation basin in the Sierra Madre Mountains, was the center of Aztec from the period of 1300 to 1521. Inca was defeated by Spanish conquistadors led by Francisco Pizarro. Why is the Elizabethan age called the Golden Age of England? The Aztec Empire began with an alliance between Tenochtitlan, Texcoco and Tlacopan in order to defeat Azcapotzalco. around 10-20 million people, and they controlled most of. The Inca were from a completely different area and lasted less than 300 years before being wiped out, while still managing to become the most advanced in their short life. Often, Aztec is used to refer to people who lived in Tenochtitlan, which is now Mexico City, on an island in Lake Texcoco, but may also refer to their allies, the Acolhuas of Texcoco and the Tepanecs of Tlacopan. These two cultures arose close together in the same time period and are similar in a few ways like religion and government. A labor force of slaves from subjugated neighboring tribes had built the fabulous city and the three causeways that connected it to the mainland. Latest answer posted February 03, 2021 at 6:26:14 PM. The ultimate sacrifice was children, who were specially selected and well fed. - The Aztecs were a massive, complex society located in central Mexico.
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